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Citing Sources in MLA Style: How to cite IN FORMS OTHER THAN PRINT

Basic guidelines for documentation according to the 8th edition of the MLA Handbook.

Background

In today's world, academic work can take many forms in addition to reading the work of others.  Scholars also produce presentations, videos, and a variety of interactive projects.

If projects such as these are used as part of your research, it is necessary to document those sources. This area of documentation is evolving, and the standards for nonprint documentation will continue to change, but the aims will remain the same: to provide the information needed to enable your audience to locate the sources you have used, and for you as author/scholar to give credit to those whose work you have used.

How to cite a Lecture or Interview

MLA Lecture, Speech, Address, Reading Citation

The basic template for citations will apply here as with other documentation types:

Speaker's name = author. "Title of the lecture or address." Container = the sponsoring organization, Date, Location = where the event took place. Label = event. 

MLA Interview Citation

Create an entry for an interview as you would for any other source following the basic template. In general, treat the person being interviewed as the author. 

Place the name of the person interviewed first, followed by words to indicate how the interview was conducted (Personal interview, Telephone interview, Email interview), and the date.

 Lecture Examples:

Livesey, Margot. "Notes from House on Fortune Street." Harvard Book Store, 12 Nov. 2015, Cambridge. Reading. 

Wellbery, David E. "On a Sentence of Franz Kafka." Franke Institute for the Humanites, 1 Feb. 2014,  

         Gleacher Center, Chicago.  Lecture.

Interview Examples:

Wallace, Michael. Research conducted for the Route 66 books. Telephone interview, 10 Dec. 2015.

Gates, Bill. Questions about the development of Microsoft. Email interview by John Stephens, 25 Feb. 2013.

When a source is untitled, provide a generic description of it where the title would normally be located. Since this is not an official title, it is neither italicized nor enclosed in quotation marks. The interviewer’s name, if known and relevant to your paper, may be included as an optional element and would follow the core element to which it relates.  

 

How to cite Film or Video Recordings

MLA Film or Television Recording Citation

Generally begin with the title of the film or recording. If a film or video recording has many contributors, include only the ones relevant to your research project.  If you wish to emphasize an individual's role in the film, such as the director, screenplay writer, or actor, you should list that name first.

When documenting a work in film or television, you should generally cite the organization that had the primary overall resonsibility for it.  For examples of older films when the original publication date is significant for your project, the original publication date can be established as part of the Other Contributors area.

Video DVD Recordings:

Farmiga, Vera, performer. Up in the Air. Director Jason Reitman, Paramount, 2009. 

Modern Times. Director Charles Chaplin, United Artists,1936

Murnau, F. W., director. Nosferatu. 1922. Kino, 2007.  

Theory of Everything. Director James MarshUniversal Studios Home Entertainment, 2004. 

 
Video Television Recordings:     
 
 "The Sign of Three." Sherlock, season 3, episode 2, Masterpiece Mystery, 26 January 2014,

            Netflix,  www.netflix.com/watch/70297466?trackId=14170286&tctx=0%2C4%2C38a7bad7-

            965c-4785-9e91-413cbad64920-2704148.

You Tube Recordings:

Green, John. “18 Great Books You Probably Haven’t Read.” vlogbrothers, 18 Feb. 2014. You Tube,

           https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JgDwaJ0WCVE.

Robinson, Ken. "How to Escape Education's Death Valley."  TedTalks, 10 May 2013. You Tube

                   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wX78iKhInsc.

 


 
 
 

Streaming Video from Databases

The SWOSU Library maintains several streaming databases that are available for use by students, faculty, and staff.  The documentation for these sources will include the same elements as a video recording.

Author (if given). "Title." Container 1, Other contributors, Number, Publisher, Publication date (Include the full date as you find it in the background information). Container 2Location (because the video is streamed, the title of the database will be included in the citation).

Examples:


Beneath the Sea.  Scientific American Frontiers, 2002. Films on Demand, 2011.


De Sica, Vittorio, director. Bicycle Thieves. Criterion Collection/Janus Films, 1948. Kanopy.


Nugus, Philip, director. "Tornadoes and Twisters." World's Worst Disasters, series 1, episode 10, 2008.

          Academic Video Online.

        

How to cite TV Programs

MLA Television or Radio Programs Citation:

Again, the emphasis is on basic information that will be readily available: Author (if given).
"Title." Container 1, Other contributors, Number, Publisher, Publication date (Include the full date as you find it in the background information). Container 2, Location (if the program can be streamed, the url can be added).

Examples:

"The Catbird Seat." Deadwood, directed by Scott Frank, season 3, episode 33, HBO, 6 Aug. 2006.       

               http://www.hbo.com/deadwood/episodes/3/33-amateur-night/index.html.

"Empathy Optimization." Big Bang Theory, performance by Jim Parsons, season 9, episode 13, CBS, 14 Jan.
 
            2016.
 
*Welles, Orson, director. "The War of the Worlds--Radio Broadcast 1938." CBS Radio,
 
         written by H. G. Wells, adapted by Howard Koch, Mercury Theatre on the Air30 Oct. 1938.
 
*This is a radio production; including the name of the director, the author of the original work, and the adapter provides relevant details regarding the use of the source.
        
 

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